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Hydronephrosis

By Dr. Raju R 01 February 2026
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Health blog about Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis

At Genesiss Multi-Speciality Hospital, our Urology Department provides expert diagnosis and treatment for Hydronephrosis, a condition where urine buildup causes swelling in one or both kidneys. This occurs when there is an obstruction or blockage preventing urine from draining properly from the kidney to the bladder. Our experienced urologists use advanced diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive procedures to relieve obstruction, preserve kidney function, and prevent long-term damage.


Problems / Symptoms:

  • Flank or Back Pain: Dull or sharp pain on one side of the abdomen or back
  • Frequent Urination or Urgency: Need to urinate more often than usual
  • Painful Urination (Dysuria): Discomfort or burning sensation while urinating
  • Blood in Urine (Hematuria): Pink, red, or brown-colored urine
  • Fever and Nausea: Signs of infection or severe obstruction
  • Swelling or Enlarged Kidney (found on scan)

Causes:

  • Kidney Stones: Most common cause of blockage in adults
  • Ureteropelvic Junction (UPJ) Obstruction: Narrowing between kidney and ureter
  • Ureteral Strictures: Scarring or narrowing of the urinary passage
  • Tumors or Masses: Growths compressing the urinary tract
  • Pregnancy or Enlarged Prostate: Temporary or mechanical pressure on urinary flow

Treatments:

  • Medication: To relieve pain, treat infection, or manage inflammation
  • Ureteral Stenting: Placement of a stent to allow urine drainage
  • Percutaneous Nephrostomy: Tube insertion to directly drain urine from the kidney
  • Laser or Endoscopic Stone Removal: Minimally invasive procedure to clear blockages caused by stones
  • Corrective Surgery (Pyeloplasty): Surgical repair for structural or congenital obstruction

FAQs:

What is hydronephrosis?

Hydronephrosis is the swelling of one or both kidneys due to urine buildup caused by an obstruction or blockage in the urinary tract.

What causes hydronephrosis?

It can result from kidney stones, urinary tract obstructions, tumors, enlarged prostate, or congenital defects.

Is hydronephrosis serious?

If untreated, hydronephrosis can lead to kidney damage or infection. Early diagnosis and treatment help prevent complications.

How is hydronephrosis diagnosed?

It is usually detected through ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to identify the blockage and evaluate kidney function.

What treatments are available for hydronephrosis?

Treatment depends on the cause and severity. Options include medications, stent placement, stone removal, or corrective surgery.

Can hydronephrosis be cured?

Yes, with timely and appropriate treatment, most patients recover fully without long-term kidney damage.


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